path: root/man1/ezjail-admin.1

.TH ezjail\-admin 1
.SH NAME
ezjail-admin \- Administrate ezjail
.SH SYNOPSIS
.T
.B ezjail-admin install\fR [-mMpPsS] [-h host] [-r release]

.T
.B ezjail-admin create
[-f flavour] [-r jailroot] [-s imagesize] [-ibx] [-c bde|eli] [-C attachargs] [-a archive]\fI hostname jailip

.T
.B ezjail-admin console\fR [-f] [-e command]\fI jailname

.T
.B ezjail-admin list

.T
.B ezjail-admin config\fR [-r run|norun] [-n newname] [-i attach|detach|fsck]\fI jailname

.T
.B ezjail-admin delete \fR[-w] \fI hostname

.T
.B ezjail-admin archive\fR [-Af] [-a archive] [-d archivedir]\fI [jailname...]

.T
.B ezjail-admin restore\fR [-f] [-d archivedir]\fI (archive|jailname)...

.T
.B ezjail-admin update\fR [-s sourcetree] [-i] [-pP]

.SH DESCRIPTION
The \fBezjail-admin\fR tool is used to manage the ezjail environment
and jails inside the ezjail scope.

It can also be used to start or stop and to get a console in ezjails
jails by proxying everything looking like
\fBezjail-admin start\fR, \fBstop\fR or \fBrestart\fR to the ezjail rc.d script.
.SH ezjail-admin install
fetches everything needed to setup an ezjail environment from an FTP server and 
installs it.

Default location for ezjails base jail is \fI/usr/jails\fR, so be sure you
have enough space there (a FreeBSD base without man pages, sources and ports
is around 120MB).

The -m and -s option will fetch and install man pages (ca. 10MB) and
sources packages (ca. 450MB) respectively. The -p option invokes the
portsnap utility to fetch and extract a FreeBSD ports tree (ca. 475MB).
Parameters -M, -P or -S behave like their lower case pendants, plus they
disable (re)installing your basejail.

Default OS version is, whatever uname -r returns. If this does not match
"*-RELEASE", you will be prompted for a better guess. (Normally
ftp-servers do not provide release candidates or CURRENT builds). You can
use the -r option to specify a release from command line.

Default host to fetch packages from is ftp.freebsd.org, you may want to
change this via the -h option or in ezjail.conf(5).

If the specified location begins with file://, your local copy of the
release is used. That way you can do some modifications to install.sh
scripts before executing them.

You can later update your world from CVS or update ports by \fIezjail-admin
update\fR or rerun this subcommand with another OS version.
.SH ezjail-admin create
installs a new jail inside ezjails scope. It either copies the template
jail or an ezjail archive to the root of that new jail, whose name and IP
address are provided as mandatory parameters.

A new entry in ezjails config directory is created, a corresponding new
\Fi/etc/fstab.hostname\fR allowes the jail to be brought up by next
reboot (or) via the EZJAIL_PREFIX/etc/rc.d/ezjail.sh script.

If no jail root is specified via the -r option, it is derived from
the jails name. In this case or, if a jail root is given and does not
start with a '/', it is interpreted relative to ezjails root dir
(default: \fI/usr/jails\fR). If a specified jail root lies outside
ezjail root dir, a soft link is created inside this root dir pointing
to the newly created jails location.

The -i and the -c option both require a size passed via the -s option
and create a file based jail image; gbde or geli encrypted for the -c 
case. The image file is named after the jail root suffixed with \fI.img\fR.

To install an ezjail archive instead of a vanilla copy of newjail use
-a with the backups location. Note, that you will propably need to tidy
up things inside an ezjail if you migrate them between different ezjail
environments. This may include (but is not limited to) reinstalling ports
or packages for different CPUs or library versions. You may also need to
copy some libraries from the source host's basejail. Also consider using
\fIezjail-admin restore\fR, if you only want to revert to an old jails
state from a backup on the same host.

The -x option indicates, that an ezjail already exists at the jail root.
.B In this case nothing is copied. ezjail only updates its config.
This is useful in situations where you just want to alter some of a
jail properties and called ezjail-admin delete without the -w option
before. However, sanity checks are being performed.

Using the -f \fIflavour\fR option you can apply an ezjail \fBFLAVOUR\fR
to your ezjail (e.g. preinstall packages, add users configure rc).
\fIflavour\fR is a directory tree under ezjails root dir (default:
\fI/usr/jails/flavours\fR). See section \fBFLAVOURS\fR below for more
details.

Options for newly created jails are read from \fBezjail.conf\fR, refer to
ezjail.conf(5) for more information.
.SH ezjail-admin console
Attaches your console to a jail by executing a jexec with its jid.

The command executed in that jail defaults to \fI/usr/bin/login -f root\fR
 but can be set with the -e modifier or by the ezjail_default_execute
config variable. A non-running jail is not started by default. If you want
that, force it with -f.
.SH ezjail-admin list
lists all jails inside ezjails scope. They are sorted by the order they 
start up, as defined by rcorder. The list format is straight forward.

A status flag consisting of 2 or 3 letters, the first meaning \fB(D)irectory\fR
based, \fB(I)mage\fR based, \fB(B)de\fR crypto image based, \fB(E)li\fR crypto
image based. The second one meaning \fB(R)unning\fR, \fB(A)ttached\fR but not
running, \fB(S)topped\fR. An optional \fB(N)orun\fR stands for disabled jails (see
\fIezjail-admin config\fR).

Rest of the row is jails jid (if available), its IP, hostname and root directory.
.SH ezjail-admin config
manages specific ezjails.

You can prevent an ezjail from being run at system start by the -r norun
option and reenable it by -r run.

You can rename an ezjail by using the -n newname option. If the specified
ezjail is an image jail and the image has its default name, it is being
renamed as well.

You can attach image jails for administrative purposes by the -i attach
option and detach them with -i detach. It is not possible to run or delete
an attached jail. You can force fscking a jail image with the -i fsck command.
.SH ezjail-admin delete
removes a jail from ezjails config and the corresponding \fI/etc/fstab.hostname\fR
file, thus preventing the jail from being brought up on next reboot.

If the -w (wipe) option is given, the directory pointed to by the jail
root entry is removed as well as the soft link in ezjails root dir.
.SH ezjail-admin archive
creates a backup of one, multiple or all ezjails.

Unless an archive name is given via -a switch, its file name is derived from
jailname, date and time. It is being saved to a directory provided by -d switch
or the \fIezjail_archivedir\fR variable in \fBezjail.conf\fR and defaults to
\fI.\fR .

Use -A with no further parameters to archive all jails \fBor\fR specify one or more
ezjails as parameters.

Use \fIezjail-admin restore\fR or \fIezjail-admin create -a archive\fR to restore
an archive.
.SH ezjail-admin restore
creates new ezjails from archived versions. It tries to collect all information
necessary to do that without user interaction from the archives, thus allowing
it to be run from a script.

Pass one or more archives or jail names. For jail names ezjail-admin will try to
find the newest backup in its archive directory, as given in ezjail.conf(5) which
defaults to . and can be overridden via -d.

By default \fBezjail-admin restore\R refuses to restore on a host different from
where it was archived. Use -f to force that.
.SH ezjail-admin update
creates or updates ezjails environment (aka basejail) from source. To install it
from ftp servers, use ezjail-admin install.

Depending on the parameters given it will install the basejail from a source
tree whose location is either provided in the \fBezjail.conf\fR config file or
via the -s option.

If the -p or -P options are given, the base jail also is given a copy of
FreeBSDs ports tree, which is in turn linked into all newly created
ezjails. The portsnap utility is invoked to do the actual work.

If the -P option is given, \fBonly the ports tree will be updated,\fR this can
be done, while jails are running.

If the -i (install only) option is given, \fBezjail-admin update\fR only
performes a \fImake installworld,\fR otherwise \fImake world\fR is invoked.

.SH NOTES
.B ezjail-admin update\fR uses a temporary directory to install its world to,
thus leaving intact all installed libraries, if a base jail already exists.

When using the \fBezjail-admin update\fR option, be careful to use the same
FreeBSD source tree used to build the  host systems world, or at least its
kernel. Combining a make world in the host system with \fBezjail-admin update\fR
is considered a good idea.

When a ports tree exists in base jail, a make.conf containing reasonable
values for having ports in jails is created in the template jail.
.SH FLAVOURS
.B ezjail-admin\fR provides an easy way to create many jails with similar or
identical properties.

A sample flavour config directory resides under
.I EZJAIL_PREFIX/share/examples/ezjail/default/.\fR Some typical Jail
initialization actions are demonstrated and you are encouraged to use it as a
template for your flavours.

If a flavour is selected on jail creation, the flavour root is being
copied to the new Jails root, mostly containing an \fI/ezjail.flavour\fR.
If the Jail starts up for the first time this script is run.

In its default form it will create some groups and users, change the
ownership of some files and installs all packages residing under /pkg.

It allows you to add some post install actions.
.SH EXAMPLES
ezjail-admin update -p
.br
ezjail-admin create -f httpd -r /jails/web12 web12.test.org 10.0.1.12
.br
EZJAIL_PREFIX/etc/rc.d/ezjail.sh start web12.test.org
.br
EZJAIL_PREFIX/etc/rc.d/ezjail.sh stop ns.test.org
.br
ezjail-admin delete ns.test.org
.br
ezjail-admin create -x -r /jails/ns ns.test.org 10.0.2.1
.SH BUGS
Due to the way ezjail handles jail config files it is not possible to
create multiple jails if their names are identical when piped through
.B tr -C [:alnum:] _

Sure to be others.
.SH FILES
.T4
EZJAIL_PREFIX/etc/ezjail.conf
.br
EZJAIL_PREFIX/etc/rc.d/ezjail.sh
.br
EZJAIL_PREFIX/share/examples/ezjail/
.SH "SEE ALSO"
ezjail(5), ezjail.conf(5), jail(8), devfs(5), fdescfs(5), procfs(5), pw(8)
.SH AUTHOR
Dirk Engling <erdgeist@erdgeist.org>